SPAHIC OMER. Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Pan-Islamic Thought of Jamaluddin Al-Afghani. Hamdard Islamicus, [S. l.], v. 44, n. 4, 2021. DOI: 10.57144/hi.v44i4.332. Disponível em: http://mail.hamdardislamicus.com.pk/index.php/hi/article/view/332. Acesso em: 23 sep. 2026.